Who controls the controllers?
The proposed Operator Layer separates infrastructure owners, information intermediaries, technological operators and any hypothesized higher intelligence. These are model roles. No organization or person is assigned to a nonhuman hierarchy by this integration.
Investigative question: What evidence discriminates a human operator, several competing operators, an automated process and a nonhuman actor?
Evidence test and competing explanation
Test: For each candidate, specify access, capability, motive and a prediction that competing explanations would not also produce. Maintain an explicit unknown category.
Counter-reading: A capability gap in our knowledge is not itself evidence of a particular actor. Human coordination can be highly sophisticated.
Source status: new IW editorial framing. Original supporting records or passages remain to be imported.